​​​​◆导读

 

近日，由中科院团队发表在《Nature Metabolism》上的研究表明，从葡萄籽提取物(GSE)中发现的一种天然化合物——黄酮类化合物原花青素C1（PCC1）注入老年小鼠体内可延长寿命。

 

◆双语阅读

 

A chemical isolated from grape seed extract prolongs the lifespans of old mice by 9 per cent by clearing out their old, worn-out cells. The treatment also seems to make the mice physically fitter and reduces the size of tumours when used alongside chemotherapy to treat cancer.

 

从葡萄籽提取物中分离出来的一种化学物质，通过清除衰老、受损细胞，把高龄小鼠的寿命延长了9%。这种治疗方法似乎还能使小鼠身体更加健康，在用化疗治疗癌症时，加上这种疗法，还可以减小肿瘤的大小。

 

The finding strengthens the case for future anti-ageing therapies that target senescent cells – aged cells that lose their ability to replicate and instead churn out substances that cause inflammation. Senescent cells increase in number as we get older, and have been linked to various age-related conditions, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis.

 

这一发现为未来针对衰老细胞的抗衰老疗法提供了更有力的证据——衰老细胞会丧失自我复制能力，并产生大量会导致炎症的物质。随着我们年龄渐长，衰老细胞数量会增加，并会导致各种与衰老有关的疾病，包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和骨质疏松症。

 

To find a substance that might destroy these cells, Qixia Xu at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai and colleagues screened a library of chemicals linked to ageing for their effects against senescent cells. The team’s search turned up a chemical found in grape seeds called procyanidin C1 (PCC1).

 

为了找到一种可能破坏这些细胞的物质，上海中国科学院大学的徐奇霞及其同事筛选了一个与衰老有关的化学库，以希望发现它们对衰老细胞的影响。这个团队在搜寻过程中，在葡萄籽中发现了一种名为原花青素C1（PCC1）的化学物质。

 

At low concentrations, PCC1 appeared to prevent senescent cells in a dish from producing inflammatory substances. At high concentrations, the chemical killed the cells, while leaving younger cells intact. To test its effectiveness in living animals, the team injected 171 mice that were 2 years old – equivalent to around 70 in human years – with either PCC1 or a control solution twice a week for the rest of the animals’ lives. On average, PCC1 increased the lifespan of mice by 9 per cent.

 

原花青素C1低浓度状态下，似乎可以阻止培养皿中衰老细胞产生炎症物质。在高浓度时，这种化学物质可以杀死衰老细胞，而年轻细胞则完好无损。为了测试这种物质在活体动物身上的效果，研究团队向171只2岁小鼠(相当于人类的70岁左右)的体内每周注射两次原花青素C1溶液或对照溶液，直至小鼠死亡。平均而言，原花青素C1使老鼠的寿命增加了9%。

 

The chemical also appears to improve the physical fitness of younger mice. Animals under the age of 2 years were injected with either a control solution or PCC1 every two weeks for four months, after which they underwent a range of physical tests. Mice that received the treatment had a significantly faster maximum walking speed, stronger grip strength and better endurance when running on a treadmill, compared with mice that had been given the control solution.

 

这种化学物质似乎还能提高年轻小鼠的身体素质。两岁以下的小鼠每两周注射一次对照溶液或原花青素C1，持续四个月后接受一系列身体测试。与对照组相比，注射原花青素C1的小鼠在跑步机上跑步时，最大行走速度明显更快，握力更强，耐力更好。

 

本文节选自：New Scientist （新科学家）

发布时间：2021.12.06

作者：Carissa Wong

原文标题：Grape seed chemical allows mice to live longer by killing aged cells

 

 

◆词汇积累

 

1.sensecent

• 英 /sɪˈnɛsənt/ 美 /sɪˈnɛsənt/
• adj.衰老的；变老的；老化的

 

2.inflammation

• 英 /ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/ 美 /ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/
• n. 发炎，炎症

 

3.dish

• 英 /dɪʃ/ 美 /dɪʃ/
• n. 盘; 一盘食物; 菜肴; 碟状物；性感的人; 轮盘
• v. 说……的闲话; 把(食物)装盘; 使(希望等)破灭; 闲谈

 

4.grip

• 英 /ɡrɪp/ 美 /ɡrɪp/
• n. 紧握; 掌握，控制; 理解; 不打滑，走得稳; 手柄; 紧握(或抓牢)的方式; (拍摄电影时)摄影机和照明设备管理人员; 发夹; 旅行袋
• v. 握紧，夹住; (尤指通过摩擦力)牢牢地附着，紧贴; 使感兴趣，吸引住(某人)的注意; 对……产生强有力的影响

 

5.treadmill

• 英 /ˈtrɛdˌmɪl/ 美 /ˈtrɛdˌmɪl/
• n. 跑步机; (过去通常用以惩罚犯人的)踏车; 枯燥重复的工作

 

◆词组搭配

 

1.churn out 艰苦地做出；大量生产

 

◆写作句总结

 

The chemical also appears to improve the physical fitness of younger mice.

结构: The … also appears to improve the physical fitness of ….

…似乎还能改善…身体素质

例句: The nutritious food also appears to improve the physical fitness of obese people.​​​​​​​​